Planing irregular poems



UNITED sn-:Afr-EsPATENTV OEEIOE. y

A. GOODMAN, OF DANA, AND WILLIAM GIBBS, OE PRESOOTT, MASSACHUSETTS. f"

:eLANING IEEEGULAE FORMS.

Specification' of Letters Patent No. 5,927, dated lNovember 21', .1848.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that we, ALLEN GOODMAN, of Dana, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, and TWILLIAM Gis, of Prescott, in the county of Hampshire and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planing Machinery, Of which the following is a full, clear, and eXact description, reference being had to the annexed drawings of the same making part of this specication, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view, the carriage being 'raised up from the ways on which it slides; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal Sectional view; Figs. 3, Il, 5, 6, and 7 are representations of pieces of wood planed by this machine which are respectively eight sided, the sides being straight, sinuous, and spiral; Fig. S is a view of the ratch detached from the machine; Fig. 9 is a view of one modification of the inclined plane det-ached from the machine also.

The same letters indicate the same parts in all the figures.

The nature of our invention and improvement consists, in forming cams or revolving guides, to govern a revolving cutter mount-.- ed in a swing frame, whereby wood may be planed of a great variety of shapes in a smooth and regular manner.

To -enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention we will proceed to describe its construction and operation. The frame (a) cog wheels, pulleys, shafts, swing frame (b) with its cutter wheel (w) carriage (c) with its puppets (el),

' mandrels (e) and racks (g) are all common mechanical contrivances which have heretofore been used in planing machines and therefore do not require a particular description. The system of cog wheels L h 71, with the rack g are employed when the machine is operated by hand, but when it is self-acting the other system marked 0 0 0 0 with the racks s s are employed,`by means of the latter the machine is fed with great regularity and certainty and the position of the piece of wood being operated upon is from time to time changed as circumstances require.

If it is required to take a rough block of wood and plane it into the form of a spiral sinuous sided column (Fig. 7 the first step preparatory to doing so is to take a piece of thin board and make one of itsl edges to correspond in form and fsize 'with' -the outlineofone of thesides of the column jin aline taken longitudinally4 through its center,l the board being atv least one-half the diameter of the piece required to be plane'd; the piece thus formed is. now placed in the carriage between the centers, as shown tat-A Fig. v2, and 'the swing frame (b) is.

lowered until the cutter wheel rests upon the edge of the pattern. Two pieces of board B B Fig. 1`v(represented by dotted lines) I mu st no wvbe placed upon the ends of the main driving shaft"(z) and secured there by fscrews in such a manner as to be removable.

The scribes D (Fig. 1) must now be adjusted same time slides the carriage tothe opposite gend of the machine the cutter wheel rolling v:over the pattern following all its sinuosities and raising and lowering the swing frame' with its scriber in a manner corresponding thereto the scriber marking or scratching on the sides of the disks the figure of a cam, zwhich if made to govern the swingframe lwould cause the machine to cut out of a suitable block a figure whose side would, accu-A rately coincide in its configuration with lthe Side ofthe pattern (A) 4.from a consideration of the fact that this is but the reverse of the operation of scribing lor shaping the cam C. As soon as the cams have thus been scribed out, the disks are The opas is obvioustaken olf the shaft and all that part of them I which lies outside of the scribe or outline f bf the cam is removed and they are then re-` placed in their former position; the scribes (D) are now removed from the swing frame l.

and the adjustable friction rollers put in their places; the lower extremity of these pulleys should be placed at the same distance from the swing frame that the-scribe was, provided the piece to be planed is re-4 quired to be made of the. same size as the piece from which the pattern was taken, but if the piece being operated upon is required to be made smaller or larger than the model, the friction wheels mustk be j placed nearer to or farther from the frame according to the circumstances of the case, and when properly adjusted are held by the clamp screws (e) which pass through the slots in the hangers.

The pattern (A) is removed from' the car'- riage and the rough block to be planed put in its place, the carriage is then mo-ved along until the cutters are beyond the end of the piece being operated on, the friction wheels (E) resting on the edges of the cams (C) the cutter wheel (ai) is now by means of a belt or otherwise caused to revolve rapidly, the carriage' c being at the same time moved along beneath it, ypresenting the' piece throughout `its entire length to 'the firmly while its sides are being planed and also for the purpose of turning it from one side to the other the ratchet wheel (H) is mounted upon the mandrel (e) and has on its face a number of points upon which the piece to be planed is driven; the wheelhas also near its periphery a seriesof holes ar-` ranged at equal distances apart and corresponding in number with thel number of sides it is required to plane upon the column to be dressed; into these holes a dog is fitted, which, by suitable mechanism is withdrawn from them, when it is required to turn the wheel and block, but kept in the holes to hold the block from turning while the sides of a straight piece are being planed; the rachet (I) takes into thev wheel- (I-I) and as-the l'carriage is moved in the direction of the arrow Fig. 2 before the cutters begin to act the ratchet which rests upon the inx clined plane (J is caused to ascendand in ascending turnsthe Vwheel now it is obvious that upon the height which the one endof theinclined plane is placed abovethe i other depends the amount of vertical motion`communicated to the ratchet, and the angular motionround its own center communicated to'` the wheel, therefore, the

'heightof the plane is such as will move the .clined plane it is hung on a joint pin, and

held by a clamp screw. Ii it is required to `make the sides ofthe column spiral as in Fig. 4 the ratch must be so arranged as to be ascending the inclined plane .and turning the block simultaneously with the action of the cutters upon same. If the sides of the column are required to be slnuous as in Figs. 5, l6,and 7, the form of the inclined plane must correspond thereto, such for instance. as the one represented in Fig. 2. The lower end I of the ratch (I) is jointed in such a manner as will admit of its turning freely while' traversing the inclined plane in one direction, but will not turn when moving in the opposite direction,

this arrangement, prevents the ratch being raised while the carriage is being drawn back.

By means of this machine the columns for center-tables, legs for piano-fortes and other regular and irregular prismatic forms for ornamental and other purposes, can be planed with the utmost degree of accuracy, and with nearly the same facility and speed with which common rectangular forms are planed in the ordinary planing machines.

j )Ve do not claim as of our inventionthe dressingvof regular or irregular shapes by using models of the thing required for governing the cutters as that has heretofore been done by others;but j What we do claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- The combination of the vibrating cutter frame with the cams herein described, the jointed ratch, and adjustable straight or curved inclined planes, for ,the purpose of planing irregular spiral sided forms.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto signed our names in presence of two subscribing witnesses this 18th day of March 1848. I

ALLEN GOODMAN. WILLIAM GIBBS.

Witnesses:

BENJAMIN F. VAUGHAN, JOSEPH P. VAUGHAN, 

